What is Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma?
Definition: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is a type of cancer that begins in the lymphatic system, which is part of the body’s immune system. This cancer affects the lymphocytes, a kind of white blood cell that helps fight infections.
Types: There are many different types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Some grow slowly, while others grow quickly. The two main categories are:
- B-cell lymphomas: These are the most common and affectingB-lymphocytes.
- T-cell lymphomas: These are less common and affecting T-lymphocytes.
What Causes Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma?
Causes: The exact cause of non-Hodgkin lymphoma is not fully understood. However, certain factors may increase your risk, including:
- Weakened immune system
- Certain infections (like HIV or Epstein-Barr virus)
- Family history of lymphoma
- Exposure to certain chemicals or radiation
What Are the Symptoms?
Symptoms of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
- Swollen Lymph Nodes: Painless lumps in the neck, armpits, or groin.
- Fever: Persistent or intermittent fever without a clear cause.
- Night Sweats: Heavy sweating during the night, soaking pajamas or bedding.
- Unexplained Weight Loss: Losing 10% or more of body weight without trying.
- Fatigue: Unusual tiredness or weakness that doesn’t improve with rest.
- Itchy Skin: Unexplained itching, which may occur without a rash.
- Abdominal Pain or Swelling: Discomfort or bloating in the abdomen due to swollen lymph nodes.
- Coughing or Breathing Difficulties: Coughing or trouble breathing if lymph nodes in the chest are affected.
- Increased Susceptibility to Infections: Getting sick more often due to a weakened immune system.
When to See a Doctor
If you experience any of these symptoms, especially if they persist or worsen over time, it’s important to consult a healthcare provider for further evaluation and diagnosis. Early detection can be crucial in managing non-Hodgkin lymphoma effectively.
How is Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Diagnosed?
Diagnosis: To diagnose non-Hodgkin lymphoma, healthcare providers may perform several tests, including:
- Physical exam to check for swollen lymph nodes
- Blood tests to look for signs of lymphoma
- Imaging tests (like CT scans or MRIs) to see inside the body
- Biopsy to remove a lymph node or tissue sample for testing
How is Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Treated?
Treatment Options: The treatment for non-Hodgkin lymphoma depends on the type and stage of the disease. Common treatments include:
- Chemotherapy: Uses powerful drugs to kill cancer cells.
- Radiation therapy: Uses high-energy rays to target and destroy cancer cells.
- Targeted therapy: Uses drugs that specifically target cancer cells without harming normal cells.
- Immunotherapy: Helps the body’s immune system fight cancer.
- Stem cell transplant: Replaces damaged bone marrow with healthy stem cells. Maybe an option for some patients, especially after high dose chemotherapy.
Prognosis:
- The prognosis for NHL varies widely depending on the type, stage at diagnosis, and individual patient factors.
- Early diagnosis and treatment can significantly improve outcomes.
What Can You Do to Stay Healthy?
Follow Your Treatment Plan: If you are diagnosed with non-Hodgkin lymphoma, it is important to follow your healthcare provider’s recommendations.
Stay Informed: Learn about your specific type of lymphoma and ask questions to understand your treatment options.
Eat Healthy: A balanced diet can help support your body during treatment. Focus on fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins.
Stay Active: Regular exercise can help improve your energy levels and overall well-being.
Conclusion
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is a serious condition, but understanding it can help you or a loved one navigate the challenges. With the right information and support, you can take steps toward managing your health effectively.
For More Information
- Visit the Lymphoma Research Foundation
- Talk to your healthcare provider if you have questions or concerns about non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Copyright @ 2025 Chinese Community Health Resource Center
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